Commissioner of Investigations and Enforcement v Traneshvi Limited Income Tax Appeal E142 of 2023 (2025) Background Traneshvi Limited operates a real estate business generating rental income through 11-month renewable tenancy agreements. 2018: KRA conducted an audit covering tax years 2015-2017 which reconciled with the company’s declared rental income and verified claimed expenses. No issues were […]
The Kenyan law clearly distinguishes between an employee (contract of service) and an independent contractor (contract for service). Section 2 of the Income Tax Act, a “contract of service” implies an employer-employee relationship, while a “contract for service” denotes an independent contractor arrangement. A contract of service is one that creates rights and responsibilities between parties […]


